How does an Electric Car work?

What is a Hybrid Car?

How does a Hybrid Car work?

What are the Differences Between a Hybrid Car and an Electric Car?

According to the results of the researches, it is clear that the end of other fossil fuel reserves, especially oil, in the world, is approaching with the current resource usage rate. As a result of this situation, it is likely that the automotive industry will have some damages. Differences between hybrid and electric cars will be explained below.

The search for an energy source that can replace gasoline and diesel has emerged. As a result, electric cars powered by electric motors and hybrid cars with both electric and gasoline powered engines have been designed. Hybrid and electric vehicles differ from each other in terms of fuel consumption, performance characteristics and interactions with the environment.

What is an Electric Car?

Unlike hybrid cars, electric vehicles have a single engine. This type of vehicle, which has only an electrically powered engine, requires 60 Volts of energy to move. The battery, in which the said electrical energy is stored, is charged as the energy level decreases. While it took a long time to charge the battery with electricity at first, thanks to the latest technological developments, batteries that can be charged in as little as 40 minutes have been produced. Electric cars are known for their quiet operation.

How does an Electric Car work?

Electric vehicles work thanks to electricity converted into motion energy. Although there are many types of electric vehicles, only 2 types are used. The first of these vehicles is called a battery electric vehicle. These vehicles, which have an induction motor with a battery, move as a result of the electricity provided by the battery being converted into motion energy by the induction motor. Tesla Motors, which has worldwide popularity, have this system.

The other type of electric vehicle has Fuel Cell technology. This electric car model, which is a product of Fuel Cell technology, is the work of the Far East. Hydrogen electric vehicles have a tank filled with hydrogen. The car moves thanks to the reaction of the hydrogen in the tank.

What is a Hybrid Car?

Hybrid literally means mixed. Also, hybrid cars function thanks to 2 engines, an electric motor and a gasoline-powered engine. People prefer hybrid vehicles, which are similar to internal combustion gasoline vehicles as a system, every day. The electric motor in the vehicle is activates itself at the first start, during stop-start in traffic and while driving at low speed. In this way, reduction of the gasoline consumption happens and fuel saves itself. In addition, the electric motor is reactivated so that there is no disruption during gear shifts.

How does a Hybrid Car work?

In hybrid cars, which have 2 engines, unlike electric vehicles, both gasoline and electric engines function in situations that require more performance. This prevents the car’s performance loss. When the vehicle is in motion at low and constant speed, the gasoline and electric motor activates themselves alternately. When the electrical energy in the battery is low, the gasoline-powered engine starts to work automatically. Meanwhile, the electric motor charges itself without the need for a charging station. Usually this happens when braking. At the end of each brake, the car is slows down and the hybrid battery charges itself. Thanks to its lower capacity gasoline engine, it saves fuel.

What are the Differences Between a Hybrid Car and an Electric Car?

• The main difference between a hybrid and an electric vehicle is the type of engine they have. Hybrid cars have both an electric motor and a petrol engine. However, electric cars don’t have a gasoline-powered engine. For this reason, there is no fuel consumption in electric cars.
• In hybrid cars, the electric battery can charge itself thanks to the slowing down of the vehicle with the brake and the effect of the acceleration while driving. Thus, you don’t need to charge this car by connecting to the city network. Since the battery in electric vehicles can’t fill itself, you should plug it in and charge.
• Hybrid cars have larger batteries than electric cars.
• Electric vehicles are more expensive to buy than hybrids.
• Hybrid cars have more complex technology than electric cars. The reason for this is that there is only one type of engine in electric vehicles. In this way, the service and maintenance costs of electric vehicles are lower than hybrid vehicles.
• Electric cars are more convenient than hybrid cars. The reason for this is that it can cover a longer range with a single charge.
• You need to charge electric cars for a period of 8 hours when using a household socket. But you don’t need to charge hybrid cars.
•  An electric car is less harmful to the environment than a hybrid car. It has zero emission value for electric vehicles. This is because it does not have a gasoline-powered engine like a hybrid.
• There is a risk of staying on the road when the electric vehicle is out of charge, while the hybrid vehicle doesn’t have the danger of staying on the road because it has a gasoline engine.

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How do hybrid cars work?

Advantages and disadvantages of hybrid cars

Different types of hybrid cars

Hybrid cars are powered by an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. They are more environmentally friendly vehicles that save more fuel compared to conventional cars.

Hybrid cars use multiple sources of energy: A petrol or diesel engine works together with an electric motor to propel the vehicle. This allows the vehicle to burn less gasoline, resulting in better fuel efficiency compared to conventional fuel-only engines. Further, the electrical power helps to increase the performance of the engine. Except for plug-in hybrids, in hybrid products, vehicle’s own system charges the battery. So you don’t need to charge the vehicle yourself.

Plug-in hybrids are halfway between conventional cars and fully electric vehicles. An electric motor and an internal combustion engine powers these cars but an external electrical source “plug-in” charges their batteries.

How do hybrid cars work?

The vehicle fulfills the principle of working with high efficiency without the need for any external power. In this system, which forms the basis of hybrid technology, the electric motor is bound with the internal combustion engine in series or in parallel. Further, the hybrid power regulator in the system provides the connection between the battery and the electric motor and feeds the vehicle’s power grid.

The high-voltage lithium-ion battery stores the required energy in the electric motor. Some of the energy lost during deceleration. Also, it comes back by recycling and stored in the lithium-ion battery. Moreover, the moment of starting and taking off, where fuel consumption is highest in vehicles, becomes maneuvers.

Advantages and disadvantages of hybrid cars

The advantages of hybrid cars are:

• Firstly, they are eco-friendly:

The combination of gasoline engine and electric motor in hybrid cars reduces dependency on fossil fuels and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

• Secondly, they have financial convenience:

Many tax breaks and incentives are available to make hybrid cars more affordable.

• Thirdly, they have regenerative braking system:

The energy from the braking action is captured and used to charge the battery. With this system, you can save time by eliminating the time spent regularly charging the battery.

• Fourthly, they have higher resale market value:

Thanks to their increasing popularity, the used market values ​​of hybrids are above average.

The disadvantages of hybrid cars are:

1. Higher cost

They are more expensive than ordinary petrol cars. In addition, the technology they use leads to higher maintenance costs.

2. Less power

The gasoline engine and electric motor combination used in hybrid cars is less powerful than many fossil fuel powered engines.

3. Lower handling

The mechanism of hybrid vehicles is more complex than normal cars. Hybrid cars have smaller engines and batteries as manufacturers try to avoid the extra weight. There is also less support in the suspension and body.

4. High voltage batteries

In the event of an accident, the presence of high voltage increases the risk of electric shock to passengers and complicates the work of rescuers.

Different types of hybrid cars

• Parallel hybrids

These are the most common type of hybrid, where the electric motor and gasoline engine are pair to a common transmission. A gasoline engine, electric motor or a combination of the two power these vehicles directly. Kia’s Niro uses the parallel hybrid system.

• Series hybrids

In this design, the gasoline engine is not connected to the wheels and is only used to generate electricity from a generator that charges the battery. Furthermore, all driving power is provided by the electric motor.

• Plug-in hybrids

In this design, the battery can be charged by plugging it into an external power source. Its battery is quite large, so people can complete daily journey using only electrical energy. After running out of electricity, the vehicle runs as a normal parallel hybrid. In addition, Kia’s Niro Plug-In Hybrid and Optima SW Plug-In Hybrid are great options for those looking for a plug-in electric hybrid.

• Mild hybrids

In this hybrid type, the electric motor can’t move the vehicle on its own. Gasoline or diesel engine does most of the work. The electric motor assists the gasoline engine in reducing fuel use, increasing performance, or both. Lastly, the new Sportage lineup now also features Kia’s mild hybrid powertrains.

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Get Information About the Fuel Type of the Vehicle

Consider Possible Expenses

Learn About the Car with the Help of Forums, Blogs and Experts

Suggestions for Those Who Want to Buy Used Cars

Make Sure Your Vehicle Is Insured Before Getting On The Road

Take a Test Drive

It is a fact that cars make our lives easier. Maybe you want to buy a vehicle both to benefit from these benefits and to invest. If you are going to buy a car for the first time, it is quite normal that you do not know how to proceed. Here are the things to consider when buying a car:

Things to Consider When Buying a Car: Consider Your Needs

Do you have a large family or will you drive your car individually? Is comfort your priority or the appearance of the vehicle? Everyone is aware that safety is important for everyone, but how strong would you like the technological equipment of the vehicle to be? So, how much is your budget for buying a vehicle?

Here, the answers to these and similar questions can make it easier for you to make the right choice between vehicle models. For example, if you have a large family and go on vacation frequently, you may need to consider vehicle options with large interior volume and large luggage.

Get Information About the Fuel Type of the Vehicle

Diesel, gasoline, LPG or electric cars are the most popular alternatives of recent years. It is important that the car you will use adapts to your budget in terms of fuel consumption, as well as meeting your needs and wishes. Of course, at this point, it is necessary to take a look at the advantages they offer, as well as the reflections of fuel types on your budget.

Things to Consider When Buying a Car: Consider Possible Expenses

Fuel will not be the only expense of your vehicle. Motor Vehicle Tax, which is calculated in line with the age and engine cylinder volume of your vehicle and must be paid every year, is one of your vehicle’s expenses. It is also very important to look at the engine cylinder volume when choosing.

In addition, in case of a possible breakdown, repairing and maintaining your vehicle is also an expense item. You should pay attention to the fact that the authorized service network of the car brand you want to buy is wide, whether there is enough master to master the vehicle model, or when deciding on the prices of original spare parts. Examining such details before buying a car can prevent you from having bad surprises in budget planning in the future.

Learn About the Car with the Help of Forums, Blogs and Experts

You have examined whether the vehicle you are planning to buy is suitable for your needs, wishes and budget. Now it’s time to examine the alternatives in more depth and get ideas. Forums and blogs on the internet can help you with this. You can easily find the advantages, disadvantages and comparisons between the vehicle packages with the help of online platforms. In addition, you can make your decision by getting help from your acquaintances who are knowledgeable about cars.

Things to Consider When Buying a Car: Take a Test Drive

Take a test drive! If possible, it is very important to take the vehicle after a test drive. In this way, you can see the vehicle closely and discover whether the driving experience is suitable for you.

Suggestions for Those Who Want to Buy Used Cars

If you want to buy a used car, don’t worry! In addition to the points to consider when buying a used vehicle, there are a few more points you should consider. Here are the things to consider when buying a used vehicle:

Before buying the vehicle, it is necessary to examine its history! Is there an accident record, has the part been replaced? Examining them will provide you with very important information about the vehicle. In addition, it would be healthy for a specialist to see the vehicle. If the vehicle you want to buy does not have an appraisal report, you can get information about the problems of the vehicle by taking it to an expert.

Do not forget to compare vehicles of the same model and do not rush to buy a used car. You can make the right decision by comparing factors such as the age of the car, its package, additional features, mileage, damage history.

At the purchasing stage, you should also make sure that the documents such as the vehicle’s license and warranty certificate, if any, are complete.

Make Sure Your Vehicle Is Insured Before Getting On The Road

It is essential to secure both you and your vehicle, as well as other individuals and vehicles in traffic.

The post Things to Consider When Buying a Car appeared first on Buyfromturkey.

When should compulsory traffic insurance be made?

What are the coverages of Compulsory Traffic Insurance?

What are the penalties for not having it?

In which situations Compulsory Traffic Insurance payment is not made?

What are the differences between Compulsory Traffic Insurance and Motor Insurance?

Compulsory traffic insurance is a type of insurance that every vehicle owner must made. In addition, this type of insurance undertakes the material and bodily damages that may occur on the other side in case of any damage.

It is obligatory to have traffic insurance, which is compulsory by law. Otherwise, you will have to pay a penalty for delaying or not having traffic insurance. Postponing your traffic insurance will also cause you to lose money and time. For this reason, you should also follow the insurance renewal process regularly.

When should compulsory traffic insurance be made?

The policy period of the traffic insurance is finite to 1 year. After the new applications for the traffic insurance policy, there was freedom for insurance companies in terms of premiums and guarantees. Insurance companies, while determining the premium fees of traffic insurance, may change it by looking at the conditions such as the type of vehicle, whether it is commercial or not, and the province in which it is located. In addition, insurance companies can apply installments for premiums.

What are the coverages of it?

– Per person death and treatment expenses

– Death and treatment expenses per accident

– Material expenses per accident and their amounts

The price and payment options may vary according to the companies. After you have it by making an agreement with insurance companies, you also have some responsibilities that you should know about your insurance company. You need to research well what kind of assurances you have and in what situations you do not have assurances. You should know your legal responsibilities so that you do not have problems with insurance companies.

What are the penalties for not having it?

People shouldn’t drive the vehicles which don’t have it. Further, it is obligatory for vehicle owners to make traffic insurance and to follow it regularly and renew it before the expiry of the insurance period.

Vehicles of people who do not have it goes to the parking lots of traffic branches. It is not possible to continue in traffic by paying the fine. Moreover, taking back these vehicles from traffic due to it is a difficult process. In order to get the vehicle back, you will need to have traffic insurance.

You have to go to the car park where the vehicle is and first inform the officers about the situation. Notification of documents is among the most important conditions. After this process, you have to pay a fine. Also, for each day the vehicle stays in the parking lot, you have to pay an additional parking fee.

In which situations its payment is not made?

In some cases, traffic insurance does not cover the damage to your vehicle. It only covers the damage incurred on the other side. However, when certain special circumstances occur, the traffic insurance may not cover the damage on the other side.

What are the differences between Compulsory Traffic Insurance and Motor Insurance?

The most important difference between traffic insurance and motor insurance is that one is compulsory and the other is completely optional. For this reason, there is no such thing as not being able to use the vehicle without having the insurance.

Compulsory traffic insurance covers the damages that may occur on the other side during the accident. Motor insurance covers the damages related to your own vehicle. In addition, traffic insurance gives you an advantage to pay for the damage of the other party. On the other hand, motor insurance covers the victimization and damage of the policy holder.

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Technical Maintenance and Competencies

Air Conditioning Usage

Vehicle Air Conditioners: Do’s and Don’ts

What does car air conditioner work with?

How to operate the vehicle air conditioner?

Vehicle air conditioners are systems that help us cool down in summer and protect us from the effects of heat. Today, air conditioning is used as a standard in every package and model of the cars produced. In addition, the auto air conditioning system is the same as the system in refrigerators.

Technical Maintenance and Competencies

It is important that the gas of the air conditioner is full or at a sufficient level.

Correct gas usage is essential in vehicle air conditioning. Otherwise, serious repair costs may occur as well as poor quality air flow. There is a difference in air conditioning gas between old vehicles and new models.

If the air conditioner runs and stops frequently, its gas may be low, and if it does not work at all, it may be out of gas.

In winter, the air conditioner should operate from time to time. 10 minutes a week is enough. This ensures that the air conditioner seals do not dry out and remain oily.

The air conditioning system must be maintained. Further, a hole in the hose, a gap in the panel that will allow water to pass may damage the system.

At seasonal transitions, people should clean condenser cores. Moreover, spring mud, winter winds, precipitation residues may have clogged the combs.

Air Conditioning Usage

Especially in the summer months, the inside of the parked vehicle gets extremely hot. Your parked car, exposed to the sun, almost burns. This combustion can cause both the indoor air to overheat and the plastic materials to release harmful gases.

After the parked vehicle is opened, the windows should be opened, and the interior and exterior temperatures should be waited for a while to balance.

Congested polluted gases in the ventilated vehicle by opening the windows come out and and they prevent breathing polluted.

The air conditioner can start on a low level “fan” feature, which can allow the air inside to circulate faster through the window.

If it is not too cold and at high levels or balanced according to the outside air, the trip can start with cooling at slightly colder degrees.

There is no difference between operating the air conditioner in neutral or forward gear.

Vehicle Air Conditioners: Dos and Don’ts

People should turn off the air conditioner a little before the end of the trip. This not only saves a little, but also keeps the air conditioner fresh and dry by evaporation. It both extends the life of the air conditioner and keeps the air inside the vehicle clean.

Cigarette consumption damages the air conditioner. It also damages the air blown by the air conditioner.

Also, prolonged operation of the air conditioner in “in-vehicle recycle” mode may result in repeated exposure to polluted air.

In vehicles with separate driver-passenger and rear-passenger air conditioners, people should prefer only one-way blowing if there are no passengers in the rear seats.

Moreover, the driver of the car should turn off the air conditioner during long breaks when the vehicle and engine are resting.

In addition, in the momentary breaks where the driver descends for a short time, and if the driver didn’t turn off the engine, the air conditioner can continue to work at a low temperature.

What does car air conditioner work with?

The car air conditioner works with refrigerant.

How to operate the vehicle air conditioner?

For vehicle air conditioning to work, the fan system must be working properly. This requires regular maintenance.

The post Vehicle Air Conditioners appeared first on Buyfromturkey.

What does insurance do?

What does car insurance include?

Why do you need car insurance?

Benefits of insurance

Car insurance is one of the automobile insurances and its purpose is to cover the damages incurred by the insured’s vehicle. All about car insurance will be explained below.

Insurance covers the damage to the insured’s vehicle, not the damage to the other vehicle. The purpose of vehicle motor insurance is to compensate the damages incurred by the motor vehicle belonging to the insured. For these reasons, traffic insurance protects the other party and third parties, while motor insurance guarantees your vehicle and your budget. In case of accident and damage, you do not have to bear large costs thanks to the motor insurance.

What does insurance do?

The clear answer to the question of what is insurance and what does it do; is to secure both the vehicle owner and the vehicle. Damages that occur when the vehicle is damaged, stolen or someone tries to steal the vehicle are covered by the insurance. Vehicle owners understand the answer to the question of what does automobile insurance mean, with the right to receive money from automobile insurance as much as the value of their vehicle without experiencing any grievances after material damage to their vehicles. It is a type of insurance that protects the benefit of the vehicle owner.

What does car insurance include?

Insurance is a type of optional insurance. In addition to the standard coverages such as the burning and theft of the vehicle, the insurance coverage can be extended with additional coverage upon the request of the insured. You can determine your insurance policy according to the coverage you need, and you can choose its scope. At the same time, you can easily choose the one that meets your needs among the insurance products for which the insurance companies determine the guarantees. Unless otherwise stated in the policy, the insurance is valid only within the borders of Turkey.

The guarantees within the scope of the standard motor insurance policy are valid only within the borders of the country. In order for the coverages within the scope of automobile insurance to be valid wherever the vehicle is prone to an accident.

Why do you need car insurance?

It is one of the indispensable applications for vehicle safety. Vehicle insurance prevents problems that may occur due to many reasons such as theft, vehicle damage and natural disaster damage. Also, it is a system that covers the damage of the vehicle owner in case of any damage to the vehicles. Although there are many insurance companies and services today, creating the most suitable coverage structure for your needs in motor insurance policies ensures the best protection of your vehicle.

Benefits of insurance

The automobile insurance system has many benefits for vehicle owners.

Accidental damage is covered:

Insurance; Like traffic insurance, covers not only the other party’s damages, but also all kinds of damage related to the vehicle. With the insurance system prevents major damages that may occur as a result of an accident.

Wide coverage structure:

You can expand the scope of the insurance by taking additional coverage such as theft, natural event, health problem, and protect yourself for such damages. Also, you can benefit from all the advantages of the insurance with the guarantees you will receive by paying an additional price. You can also get financial support by getting health care as a result of an accident. With this; You can also purchase collateral such as locksmith, loss of keys, accessories, and get collateral in different options.

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2- How does the battery work?

3- What are battery types and features?

4- What is water battery?

5- What is gel battery?

6- What is start-stop battery?

Battery is a device that stores electrical energy as chemical energy and gives it as electrical energy when needed. The battery, which you can hear also known as “accumulator” and “current collector” in the market, is the source of electrical energy used by your car. Everything about battery will be explained below.

Functions of it:

-It gives the current to start the starter motor to move the vehicle.

-It provides the operation by sending current to electrically powered vehicles such as car radios, heaters and interior lights.

-Thanks to the voltage and amperage balancing, it prevents the receivers from damages.

How does the battery work?

The working principle of it is similar to the cells. It has two poles, one positive and one negative. These poles are connected to the air conditioning, wiper, radio and engine ignition system in the vehicle.

Inside of it, there are six sections called cells. Each cell has two sets of electrodes. There are a total of 16 plates in a cell. There are two types of plates such as positive and negative plates. Positive plates contain lead dioxide, and negative plates contain lead. The positive plate covered with lead oxide carries the electrons in, while the negative plate made of lead releases the electrons. Compressed grids are formed by the coming together of the plates.

The plates float in a mixture of 65% water and 35% sulfuric acid. This liquid acts as an electrolyte in the battery, which conducts electricity. As a result of the interaction of the plates with the liquid, the movement of electrons in the grid creates the energy necessary for the vehicle to operate.

What are battery types and features?

There are four types of batteries such as nickel iron, nickel cadmium, silver and zinc according to their contents. In automobiles people mostly use the lead-acid battery.

There are two types of lead acid batteries such as dry batteries and wet batteries.

Today, with the spread of vehicles using Start-Stop technology, Start-Stop batteries, which have higher performance, durability and high charge acceptance compared to conventional batteries, are becoming more preferred.

What is water battery?

They are batteries that need to add pure water depending on seasonal conditions. They also have another name: well-maintained batteries. In addition, you should check flooded batteries frequently, especially in summer. If you are using this type of batteries, you should also take care that the water level does not fall below the plate level.

What is gel battery?

Batteries with gel-like electrolyte, which are a type of dry batteries, are called gel batteries. “How to maintain a gel battery?” good news for those who think! Gel batteries, also known as maintenance-free batteries, do not require extra maintenance such as adding water.

Differences of gel batteries from aqueous batteries:

-When we look at the points where gel batteries differ from aqueous batteries, it is remarkable that they have 75% more capacity.

-Gel batteries that offer higher performance also have higher prices.

-Another advantage of gel batteries is that they do not contain any liquid, so there is no possibility of harming the environment by leaking.

-Gel batteries have a wide range of uses, from boats to solar energy systems.

What is start-stop battery?

Batteries with Start-Stop feature, produced for these new generation cars, serve to continuously provide the energy needed by the car. When we look at the differences of Start-Stop batteries, it is noteworthy that they have high charging and high cycle life.

The post Everything About Battery appeared first on Buyfromturkey.

2- What are the types of rims?

3- What are the rim types according to the material it is produced?

4- What are the rim dimensions?

5- What are the points to consider while choosing rims?

The rim is an indispensable part of a car, which is both pleasing to the eye and technically having various functions. In a car, the rim is located on the inside of the tire in the form of a circle. It is an assembly made of metal. By mounting a tire around the rim, the vehicle is enabled to move. Rims, which are an important element in the exterior of the vehicle, are directly connected to the axle system. All about car rims will be explained below.

Rims that can be produced from a wide variety of materials have different effects on vehicle performance. Problems may arise due to the rim chosen against the vehicle’s weight, traction and basic characteristics. The fuel consumption of the car may increase and the traction power may weaken due to the rim chosen differently from the original. For this reason, the selection of rims should be done meticulously without being taken lightly.

What is a rim?

The part placed inside the tire and directly related to the movement of the car is called the rim. The main task of the rims, which function in connection with the axle system, is to ensure the movement of the car. It is also seen as a design element because it can be produced from different materials. Rims are given importance by people who want to give their vehicle a different look.

What are the types of rims?

Tubeless Rim

This type of rim, which is tubeless rim in English, is produced without a tube. In the tubeless rim with only the outer tire, the tire and rim are designed to be stuck together. Thanks to this state of adhesion, air leakage is prevented and there is no need for the existence of the inner tube. There are also different types of tubeless rims, which started to be produced for the first time in our country in the 1980s.

50 Tire Seat Angle Rim: It is a type of rim mostly used in pickup trucks. Its dimensions are determined as 13”, 14” and 17”.

Rim with 150 Tire Seat Angle: Wide tires should be used with this rim type. The size of the rim is produced as 17.5”, 19.5” and 22.5”.

4-Piece Rim with 50 Tire Seat Angle: This rim type can be used with tires included in the 80 series. Its size is determined as 20”.

Inner Tube Rim

This rim, which is tube tire rim in English, is produced in a way that consists of 3 different parts. Parts called circlip, rim and hub are located on the inner tube rim. Compared to other rims, it is seen that it is used a lot.

Hubless Rim

This type, also known as spoke rim, combines the features of tubeless and tubeless rims. It is produced with rubber and tubeless.

What are the rim types according to the material it is produced?

Rims, which are also used as a design element of the vehicle, can be produced from different materials to have a different appearance. These materials are:

Aluminum Alloy Rims: This type of rim puts less load on the vehicle due to its lighter structure. In this way, acceleration of the vehicle becomes easier and fuel can be saved. Due to this aspect, it is seen that aluminum alloy rims are used intensively. While producing this type of rim, 90% aluminum and 10% silicon are used. It is preferred by many people because it has a wide range of visual design.

Sheet Rims: When a 0 km vehicle is purchased, it is often seen that the sheet metal rim is mounted on it. It is often preferred by businesses that have budgetary problems due to its less cost. Compared to the aluminum alloy rim, it is of lower quality.

Magnesium Alloy Rims: They are not used much in Turkey as they are more costly than other types of rims.

What are the rim dimensions?

The rim size of each vehicle is determined by the manufacturer at the initial design stage. Rims that are larger than the factory rim sizes sometimes cause various problems. The factors that are taken as a basis in determining the rim size are as follows:

Rim Width: The unit of measurement used to measure width is inches. The width of the rim varies from 5 inches to 15 inches. In order to determine the width, it is necessary to measure from the inside of the flanges.

Flange: The sidewall of the tire in contact with the rim is called the flange. Without the flange, the rim cannot be expected to fit the tire completely. Different types of flanges are available.

Rim Diameter: The unit of measure for diameter is inches. The diameter of the rim is determined by measuring from the inside of the flange. Available in rim diameters ranging from 13 inches to 30 inches.

Rim Offset: It is the length of the distance from the inner hub of the offset rim, the size of which varies between -50 mm and 70 mm, to the middle of the rim. Indicated as IS or ET. The offset range of most rims varies between 20 and 60.

What are the points to consider while choosing rims?

Rims, as well as tires, play an important role in ensuring that a vehicle travels safely in traffic. The handling, fuel consumption, exterior appearance and traction power of the car vary according to the type and size of the rim.

-No rim should be fitted to the vehicle just because it looks good. Choosing rims that are of poor quality, not suitable for the weight of the vehicle, and large or smaller than they should be, adversely affect vehicle safety.

-The best quality of the steel rim, which is the commonly used rim type, should be selected. Otherwise, the rim may be bent or broken on uneven roads.

-The larger the mounted rim, the less the ride comfort in the vehicle.

-Thanks to the rims, the brake system is cooled. Therefore, care should be taken that the selected rim is made of durable material.

-Large rims are heavier than other size rims. This weight gain leads to higher fuel consumption. The larger the rim, the lower the driving performance of the car. The reason for this is that the motor consumes more energy to rotate the larger rims. The important point here is that the engine capacity of the vehicle is capable of producing the power needed by large wrims.

-Rims fitted to the vehicle must be compatible with the vehicle’s engine power.

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2) What is Tire Pressure Sensor? What does it do?

3) Tire Types

4) Tire Brands

Tires are one of the most important parts of a vehicle. Although the basic system carries the entire load of the vehicle, the tires play an important role in this load distribution. Tire sizes that are not chosen correctly in tire changes cause the vehicle not to be transported as desired and situations such as accidents occur. For this reason, if you have the necessary information about tires, you can easily handle all operations such as malfunctions and tire changes. Everything about car tires will be explained below.

What is Tire Pressure Sensor? What does it do?

Depending on the use of the vehicle and the road condition, flat air may occur in the tires. If someone doesn’t notice this, it can cause vehicles to crash. In order to prevent this, people use a tire pressure sensor system. The tire pressure sensor in vehicles of 2006 and later activates the warning system as a result of the tire deflating while the vehicle is in motion. With this warning system, you can stop your vehicle and check your tires. You can re-inflate your tires with the tire inflation pump in case the air goes down. If you experience the same problem again, you should change the tire.

Under-inflated car tires can cause major problems in a moving vehicle. For this reason, the tire pressure sensor located inside the car rims constantly checks the air pressure on the tire. At the same time, the sensor measures the air temperature inside the tire. The operating system can be effectively determined according to the number of rotations of the wheel. A tire with reduced pressure has a smaller diameter than other vehicle tires. Therefore, it turns more than other wheels. According to this number of turns, the vehicle will present a warning system.

The tire pressure sensor measures the pressure in the tire and transmits it directly to the vehicle computer. In case of a tire change, it can be adapted to a different tire again. It has a lifespan of 6-8 years due to the fact that the system works with a battery.

Tire Types

The tire of the vehicle may also differ according to the brand and model situation. There are also differences according to the structure of the vehicle, traction power and system features. In particular, there are two tire types. It varies according to the seasons and according to the vehicle. In addition, tire chains are also used in vehicles to prevent slipping, especially in winter. Types of tires according to the season;

Summer Tires: They should be used as the weather conditions become more moderate. Summer tires can be used year-round in many regions. Its performance decreases with a temperature drop below 7 °C.

All Season Tires: Suitable for all seasons, this vehicle tire is resistant to many different terrains and conditions. It does not affect any temperature performance in particular. It is one of the best options to get an all-round performance.

Winter Tires: They are suitable for areas with frost and slippery ground during the winter months. Optimized for weather conditions below 7 °C. The patterns on the tread of the car tire maximize road holding and braking power on snow and ice. In this way, it provides a safe driving opportunity.

It also differs according to vehicle models out of season. Types of car tires according to the vehicle;

Car Tires: These classic tire types will provide excellent traction and performance for miles on the road. The tire model is designed for long tread wear time.

4×4 Tires: Versatile in terms of performance, this type of car tire not only affects performance on the road, but also provides solid traction on the terrain.

Light Commercial Vehicle Tires: They are specially designed according to the load and condition of commercial vehicles. In addition to its soft structure, it has a system that allows a quiet ride. It provides traction in all weather conditions and superior performance at high mileage.

Tire Brands

It is also important to have information about tire brands and tire campaigns. Quality brands not only produce the best tires, but also ensure that you do the necessary maintenance for your tires. If you want brighter tires, you can use tire shine. You can get it from your auto service or from a tire brand. The best tire brands in the world are;

-Michelin

-Lassa

-Goodyear

-Continental

-Pirelli

-Bridgestone

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Engines Differentiating According to Combustion Site

Engine Types According to Cylinders

Engine Types According to Ignition Type

Although many car enthusiasts are knowledgeable about car models, performance and fuel, not everyone who is a car enthusiast may have the same knowledge about car engines. Different types of car engines will be explained below.

There are many different types, features and types of automobile engines. Engines differ among themselves according to timing, fuel type, combustion place, construction features and number of cylinders. First of all, let’s start with the definition of the engine. The engine is a machine that activates the vehicle by converting the heat energy obtained from the fuel into mechanical energy.

Engines Differentiating According to the Fuel Used

Engines may differ according to the type of fuel used. For many years, car manufacturers have generally used Diesel and Gasoline fueled engine options. In recent years, with the developing technology, they have moved to a more ecological dimension and developed an electric motor. Many manufacturers have produced hybrid vehicles using this new technology. In addition, users have changed the fuel type in their vehicles to LPG because it is more economical, allowing the engine to run with gas.

1- Gasoline Engines

2- Diesel Engines

3- LPG Engines

4- Electric Motors

Different Types of Car Engines: Engines Differentiating According to Combustion Site

Car Engine types are divided into 2 according to the place where the fuel is burned. One of these 2 different engine types is Internal Combustion and the other is an external combustion engine. The task of internal and external combustion engines is to convert the energy produced by the burning fuel into motion.

1- Internal Combustion Engine

Fuel burns in cylinders, also called combustion chambers, inside the engine. Gas from the burning fuel activates the pistons. The machines that cause the car to work in this working order are called internal combustion engines.

2- External Combustion Engine

This working arrangement is an external combustion engine because the fuel is at a place outside the cylinders of the engine. It converts the heat energy obtained from the fuel burning outside into water vapor.

Engine Types According to Cylinders

Engine types also differ according to the number of cylinders they have.

1- Two Cylinder Engine

2- Three Cylinder Engine

3- Four Cylinder Engine

4- Five Cylinder Engine

5- Six Cylinder Engine

7- Eight-Cylinder Engine

8- Ten Cylinder Engine

9- Twelve Cylinder Engine

10- Sixteen Cylinder Engine

People prefer four, six and eight-cylinder engines in today’s automobiles. Some models of the Fiat 500 have two cylinders. Three-cylinder engines reduce driving pleasure as they work noisy and jerky. Therefore, people don’t prefer three-cylinder engines. Also, if we need to sort these engine types, we can sort them according to the frequency of use as follows.

1- Inline Engines

In in-line engines, the cylinders are located on the same plane and are in-line next to each other. The number of cylinders varies between two and five in inline engines. In-line engine type It is one of the most used engine types.

2- V Type Engines

In V type engines, the cylinders are arranged in two rows to form the letter V. For this reason, the number of cylinders must always be even. Moreover, V-type engines usually use four, six and eight cylinders. For this reason, most of the car models used today have a V-type engine.

3- Boxer Type Engines

It is the type of motor that is arranged in two rows with the cylinders facing each other. Furthermore, it usually works with four cylinders. People don’t prefer boxer type engines because of their high fuel consumption.

4- Star Type Motors

In the engine type, which is mostly used in aircraft and ships, the cylinders are arranged in the form of a star around a center.

5- W Type Motors

W type engine produced for special production high performance vehicles is a duo of V type inline cylinders.

Different Types of Car Engines: Engine Types According to Ignition Type

There are two types of ignition methods in engines. One of these methods is spark plug ignition.

The working system in spark plug-ignited engines is as follows; The spark plug, invented by Nicola Tesla, is the part that combines the fuel in the combustion chamber of the engine with the air, creating sparks and causing the fuel to burn and the engine to ignite.

Another ignition method is the compression method. In this method, a part such as a spark plug is not present in the engine.

While the two-stroke engine performs the intake, compression, combustion and exhaust processes in two processes as intake and compression, combustion and exhaust, in the four-stroke engine it all takes place in a single process.

There are two different cooling systems in the engines to prevent the engine from the heat generated while the engine is running. These are water-cooled and air-cooled engines. Also, as their names suggest, there are two different systems that prevent damage to the engine by cooling the engine with water and air.

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